RBT Practice Exam 2

IRT is a measure of temporal locus, defined as the elapsed time between two successive responses.

Continuous measurement: measures every occurrence of the behavior (e.g., frequency, duration, latency, IRT). Discontinuous measurement measures only a sample of the behavior (e.g., momentary time sampling, partial and whole interval recording).

B is the only answer that mentions an increase in a behavior. If the behavior does not increase it is not reinforcement.

This is the safetest option due to the locked bin. The documents need to be protected under HIPPA. In the RBT ethic code 2.08 says “RBTs protect the confidentiality and privacy of their clients, stakeholders, and others in the workplace by following all related requirements established by the BACB, employers, and the law (e.g., privacy laws, licensure requirements). RBTs maintain confidentiality when interacting with client information and records. “

This answer gave specific examples of what occurred during the session in observable/measurable/objective terms. When communicating with parents, refrain from using behavior terminology.

Rate is a measure of how often behavior occurs expressed as count per standard unit of time. In this case the BCBA was asking you to count how many times the client engages in verbal refusal in 30 minutes interval. If the answer was 15 times in 30 minutes the client was verbally refusing 50% during the 30 minute interval.

Maintenance: the extent which the learner continues to perform the target behavior after and maintain the skill after it has been taught.

This example they would shaping the how to say mommy. Shaping means using differential reinforcement to produce a series of gradually changing response classes; each response class is a successive approximation toward the terminal behavior.

In RBT ethic code 1.10 says “RBTs avoid multiple relationships with clients, coworkers, and supervisors. Multiple relationships occur when there is a mixing of two or more relationships (e.g., friend, family member, employee/employer) that may result in conflicts of interest and risk of harm to the client. If RBTs find that a multiple relationship has developed, they immediately inform their supervisor, work to resolve it, and document these actions. If the multiple relationship involves their supervisor, RBTs should report it to their supervisor’s manager or other appropriate entity (e.g., human resources, BACB) and document this communication.”

This should be the easiest question on the exam. As an RBT, you should know functions by heart!

Remember what the letters stand for. F = fixed, V = variable, R = ratio (response), I = interval (time). If the reinforcement is delivered on an average time schedule than that schedule is a variable interval. The number is just the amount of time or number of responses.

Shaping = reinforcing successful approximations of behavior. If you are reinforcing each gradual change in behavior you are shaping that behavior into the final behavior you want to see. Example – the word bubble. Reinforce for “b” then reinforce for “bub” then reinforce for “bubble”

Reinforcement increases the future likelihood of behavior. Punishment does the opposite – it decreases the future likelihood of behavior. Motivation impacts the value of reinforcement.

This question is not asking about chaining or task analysis. It is asking about prompting. If you are starting with the least intrusive prompt than you are going from the least to the most intrusive prompt.

You should be prepared with all necessary materials before session starts

The client should always take priority. That does not mean the client should dictate programming. But the client’s needs and wants must be considered above all else.

A tact is just a label. The boy is labeling the zebra. An echoic would be if the boy said “zebra” after someone said “zebra”. An intraverbal would be if the boy said “zebra” when someone asked “what animal is this”.

This is referred to as the VI-5 reinforcement schedule.

Determine what inspires your student by doing a preference assessment. Preference assessments will assist you in determining which mands to teach.

How the child feels when the behavior is occurring. This isn’t a behavior that can be measured.

None of the above, Practitioners should only communicate confidential information with people who are obviously involved in such matters for suitable professional reasons.

Extinction burst, His parents eventually put an end to his yelling by no longer providing the reinforcement of shutting off the music, but it first grew before decreasing. An extinction burst occurs when this happens.

two weeks, Supervisors should meet every two weeks at the very least to offer feedback and engage with the people they supervise.

Define the behavior and choose a measurement technique.You must first determine what you are measuring and how the behavior will be measured before you can collect baseline data.

The terms “positive” and “negative” are used to describe how the environment changes. Positive refers to the addition of a stimulus to the environment, whereas negative refers to the removal of a stimulus. Both positive and negative punishment, as well as positive and negative reinforcement, are possible.

A therapist continuously shows the same SD to a student, encouraging the same specific conduct trial after trial until the student completes 5 requested right trials in a row.The same SD is shown repeatedly with prompting if necessary to obtain a specific response in mass trials. This is typically done to increase condition discrimination acquisition by repeated exposure to a reinforcing situation.

The delay between a given stimulus and a reaction is referred to as response latency.

When paired with other conditioned or unconditioned reinforcers, conditioned reinforcers obtain their reinforcing properties.

The following are the four functions of behavior:Escape – delaying or completely avoiding a non-preferred stimulus, Automatic Reinforcement (Sensory) – actions that create their own result without the involvement of another person, such as drinking from a cup, reading a book, or scratching an itch.Attention – receiving engagement or shared activity from another person.Tangible – receiving stuff from another individual

Multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) is a preference assessment that analysts typically use to build preference hierarchies for people whose preferences are unclear or difficult to identify.

Continuous measurement data gathering systems record every occurrence of an interest behavior. Frequency, Inter-Response Time, and Duration are examples of typical continuous measuring methods.

Motivating operations are further subdivided depending on their value-altering effect: Establishing Operations raise the value of a result, whereas Abolishing Operations decrease it.

Skinner defined verbal behavior as the function of the behavior over the form of the behavior.

Backwards chaining prompts the learner for each step except the last one, then they contact reinforcement. The learner repeats the past two trials, then the last three, and so on.

When punishment is used, the person who makes choices for the client must give informed consent, and the possible advantages and hazards of employing punishment should be discussed.

When collecting discontinuous data, you’re most likely to use a stopwatch.

One of the most significant benefits of having permanent product data is that it eliminates the need for direct behavior observation.

DRO is a time-based DR procedure.

You must reinforce conduct that is physically incompatible with the goal behavior under the DRI.

Stimulus prompting is defined as the changing or exaggeration of properties of a relevant stimulus in order to improve the chance of a desired response occurring.

The line graph is the most typical ABA graph.

Data is factual information that is used as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or calculation.

Frequency is the method for this. It refers to cycles per unit time, or a count (ussually of behavior) divided by the time during which it occurred

Count is the data collection method for this.

The vertical representation of the average data values in a graph is called a trend.

You’re measuring latency based on this scenario.( the duration between the delivery of a given stimulus and the reply to that particular stimulus)

Whole interval data is the type of data Jenny is gathering.

Paired choice is the type of assessment you’re conducting.

This intervention is differential reinforcement of other behaviors.

This intervention is referred to as an antecedent intervention.

Response prompts include hand over hand, gestural, and partial physical.

In these instances, task analysis might be taught.

This is referred to as the FR-3 reinforcement schedule.

The data you collect as an RBT will be used by your BCBA to make decisions.

You will be supervised by a BCBA or BCaBA for 5% of the time you perform behavior analytic services every month

Your BCBA/BCaBA supervisor will examine the correctness of your data during an observation. An Inter-observer agreement check is what this is called.

Remember, positive means adding. Negative means removing something.

ABC. Antecedent behavior consequence.

A motivating operation (MO) alters the value of a consequence. Abolishing and establishing operations are specific types of MOs. An SD comes after the MO and says reinforcement is available.

Frequency is a count of one behavior. We aren’t counting. We are measuring time. Duration is how long a behavior lasts. We want to know the time between two things. Latency is the time between the SD and the first instance of behavior. IRT is the time between two behaviors.

Whenever you see individual steps and components of a task thinking task analysis and task chaining. The only two possibilities are forward chaining and task analysis. Forward chaining is a type of chaining, but you are teaching the skill with forward chaining, not breaking the task down. A task analysis is the process of breaking the task down.

Rate = frequency/time

Differential reinforcement is one of the hardest concepts to learn when studying for the exam. Don’t let it scare you! DRO (other)- you pick a behavior (verbal stereotypy in the above example) and reinforce when the client is not engaged in the behavior DRI (incompatible)- you pick a behavior that is incompatible with the target behavior and reinforce that behavior (standing vs sitting. You can’t do these at the same time) DRA (alternative)- you pick a behavior to replace the target behavior and reinforce that behavior (asking for a break vs eloping. Reinforce asking for a break)

A line graph is the graph you will use most frequently as an RBT or BCBA. This question you just need to know – no tricks here. On a line graph, time goes on the x-axis and behavior goes on the y-axis.

You should always use language that the client’s parent will understand when explaining how session went, or treatment progress. This means no technical language or jargon when possible. You also want to be professional, positive, and objective.

Putting a person ahead of a disability is what People’s First Language means.

You should keep clients records for 7 years.

It is your obligation to provide correct and timely information to the Behavior Analyst Certification Board.

What is a classification of reinforcement that does not require the assistance of another person to deliver?

The Functional Behavior Assessment is a method for determining the main causes of behavior.

The important reason for data collection is to improve decision-making.

Mands are a verbal operant under the control of a motivating operation. In this particular example, the boy sees a donut and reaches for it – suggesting he has a MO for donuts. In addition, he begins to salivate, a reflexive response to the presence of food. This is all pretty compelling evidence that Billy is hungry, and he’s manding for donuts.

To avoid unauthorized access, all information must be appropriately stored.

Personal health information (PHI) should always be kept private. Many ABA companies generate a unique, random client code to ensure secrecy. When referring to a client, the code might be used to protect the client’s identity.

To try and encourage (raise) the frequency of a particular behavior, such as eye contact, a token economy system is utilized. When the desired conduct is carried out, the individual receives the tokens or symbols. The child can then trade the tokens for other forms of reinforcement, such as bubbles or treats. A reinforcement technique known as token economy involves trading backup reinforcers for generalized reinforcers.